اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی کودکان(MCT-C) بر کنترل توجهی و سوگیری توجه در کودکان مبتلا به اختلالات اضطرابی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری روانشناسی بالینی، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 استادیار، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

4 استاد، گروه روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی اثربخشی درمان فراشناختی کودکان(MCT-C) بر افزایش کنترل توجهی و کاهش سوگیری توجه به تهدید کودکان مضطرب بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع مطالعات تک آزمودنی با چند خط پایه و جامعۀ آماری آن در برگیرندۀ تمامی کودکان 13-9 ساله مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشت شهر قم بود که از این تعداد و متناسب با ادبیات پژوهش در زمینه طرح‌های تک آزمودنی، تعداد 3 آزمودنی برای اجرای پروتکل درمانی در نظر گرفته شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از مصاحبه‌ی تشخیصی نیمه-ساختاریافته‌ی اختلالات خلقی و اسکیزوفرنیا برای کودکان و نوجوانان، مقیاس کنترل توجهی و آزمایه‌ی رایانه‌ای دات‌پروب به دست آمدند. پروتکل درمانی نیز شامل 8 جلسه انفرادی هفتگی با کودکان و 2 جلسه با والدین بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از تحلیل دیداری، درصد بهبودی و اندازه اثر(d کوهن)، انجام گرفت. یافته‌ها نشان داد که هر سه آزمودنی در کنترل توجهی روند تغییرات افزایشی و در سوگیری توجه روند تغییرات کاهشی داشته‌اند، به نحوی که درمان فراشناختی کودکان با اندازه اثر(0/51=d)، درمانی اثربخش در افزایش کنترل توجهی کودکان بود. همچنین این درمان به صورتی اثربخش با اندازه اثر(3/37 =d)، قابلیت کاهش سوگیری توجه به تهدید را داشت. براساس نتایج این پژوهش، درمان فراشناختی کودکان می‌تواند به عنوان درمانی مؤثر در افزایش کنترل توجهی و کاهش سوگیری توجه به تهدید در کودکان مبتلا به اختلالات اضطرابی باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy for Children (MCT-C) on Attentional Control and Attention bias in Children with Anxiety Disorders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Karim Golmohammadi 1
  • Abdulaziz Aflakseir 2
  • Mahdi Imani 3
  • Habib Hadianfard 4
1 Ph.D. in Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
4 Professor, Department of Clinical Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy for Children on increasing attentional control and reducing attention bias towards threat in anxious children. The present study was a Single-subject study with Multiple Baseline. The statistical sample of this study included all children aged 9 to 13 referred to the health centers of Qom city and according to the research literature in the field of single subject designs, 3 subjects were considered for the implementation of the treatment protocol. Data was collected using the Kiddie schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia- Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL), Attentional Control Scale for Children (ACS-C) and Dot Probe Task. The treatment protocol included 8 weekly individual sessions with children and 2 sessions with parents too. Data was analyzed using visual analysis, percentage of improvement and effect size (Cohen's d). The findings show that all three subjects had an increasing trend in attentional control and a decreasing trend in attention bias, so that the metacognitive therapy for children with the effect size (d=0/51) was an effective treatment in increasing children's attentional control. As well as, this treatment was effective in reducing attention bias towards threat with effect size (d= 3/37). Based on the results of this research, metacognitive therapy for children can be an effective Therapy in increasing attentional control and reducing attention bias towards threat in children with anxiety disorders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • metacognitive therapy for children (MCT-C) attention
  • attentional control
  • attention bias
  • anxiety disorders
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