اثربخشی مداخلات روانشناختی مثبت نگر بر رشد پس از آسیب و دیسترس روانشناختی بهبود یافتگان از کووید 19

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی سلامت، گروه روانشناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اورژانس بهداشت جهانی به دنبال کووید 19 تاثیرات متعددی بر جوامع داشته است. هــدف پژوهــش حاضــر، تعیین اثربخشــی مداخلات روانشناختی مثبت نگر بر رشد پس از آسیب و دیسترس روانشناختی بهبود یافتگان کووید 19 است.طــرح مطالعه نیمــه آزمایشــی از نــوع پیش آزمــون-پس آزمــون بــا گــروه کنتــرل و پیگیری 2 ماهه بــود. جامعــه آمــاری پژوهــش شامل بهبود یافتگان 25 تا 55 ساله شهر تهران است که 4 تا 8 هفته از ترخیص آنها گذشته و علایم افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس متوسط (براساس DASS-21 ) داشتند . با روش نمونه گیـری هدفمنـد 30نفرانتخاب و بـه شـیوه تصادفـی بـه دو گـروه آزمایـش(15 نفر) و گواه( 15 نفر)گمـارده شـدند. گـروه آزمایـش 8 جلسه 60 دقیقه ای مداخلات روانشناختی مثبتنگـر (فردی و آنلاین ) دریافت نمود . ابـزار پژوهش پرسشنامه های رشد پس از آسیب تدسچی و کالهون (1996) و دیسترس روانشناختی 21DASS_ بود: تحلیل داده ها با آزمون تحلیل کواریانس نشان داد مداخلات روانشناختی مثبت نگر بر افزایش رشد پس از آسیب و کاهش دیسترس روانشناختی موثر است و بین گروه آزمایش و کنترل تفاوت معنا داری وجود دارد( p<0/001).مداخلات مثبت نگر در افزایش تمام مولفه های رشد پس از آسیب و کاهش دیسترس روانشناختی پس از بیماری افراد موثر است و بکارگیری این مدل، می تواند در بازتوانی روانشناختی بهبود یافتگان مفید باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Positive Psychological Interventions onPosttraumatic Growth and Psychological Distress of Recovered from Covid 19

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Malekpour Golsefidi 1
  • Farnaz Keshavarzi Arshadi 2
  • Suzan Emamipour 2
1 PhD student in Health Psychology, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The World Health Emergency, following Quid 19, has had a number of impacts on communities. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of positive psychological interventions on post-traumatic growth and psychological distress. The study design was a quasi-experimental type of pre-test-post-test with a control and follow-up group for 2 months. The statistical population of the study includes patients aged 25 to 55 years in Tehran who had 4 to 8 weeks of discharge and had symptoms of depression, anxiety and moderate stress (based on DASS-21 scores). By purposive sampling method, 30 people were selected and randomly assigned to two groups of experimental (15 people) and control (15 people). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 60 minutes of positive psychological interventions (individual and online). The research tools were Teschchi and Calhoun posttraumatic Growth Inventory (1996) and DASS_21 Psychological Distress. The results of data analysis through MANCOVA method showed that positive psychological interventions are effective in increasing posttraumatic Growth and reducing psychological distress and there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (P <0.001). Positive interventions are effective in increasing all components of posttraumatic Growth and reducing psychological distress after illness and the use of this model can be useful in psychological rehabilitation of the recovered

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Positive Psychological Interventions
  • Posttraumatic Growth
  • Psychological Distress
  • Recovered from Covid 19

مراجع

سامانی، س و جوکار، ب. (1386). «بررسی اعتبار و روایی فرم کوتاه مقیاس افسردگی، اضطراب و فشار روانی». مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز. 3(26)، 76-65.
جینا، ال؛مگیار -موئه. (1396). مداخلات روانشناسی مثبت نگر. مترجم: فروغی ، ع.ا.؛اصلانی، ج .؛ رفیعی،س.چاپ دوم،تهران،انتشارات ارجمند
سید محمودی، سید جواد؛ رحیمی،چنگیز و محمدی جابر، نورالله. (1392). ویژگی‌های روانسنجی پرسشنامه رشد پس از آسیب (PTG).روش ها و مدل‌های روانشناختی.3(12) .108-93.
Campbell- sills, L., Cohen, S.L. & Stein, M.B. (2006). “Relationship or resilience to personality, coping, and psychiatric symptoms in young adults”. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 585-599
Cao Z, Zhang Q, Lu X, Pfeiffer D, Jia Z, Song H, et al. (2020). Estimating the effective reproduction number of the 2019-nCoV in China. medRxiv.; https://doi. org/10.1101/2020.01.27.20018952.
Chen.Q, Bin Quan, Xiaoning Li et all (2020). A report of clinical diagnosis and treatment of nine cases of coronavirus disease 2019. J Med Virol.;92:683–687. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jmv © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Ferrario, s. Panzeri, A. Paola Cerutti, Daniela Sacco. (2021).  The Psychological Experience and Intervention in Post-Acute COVID-19 Inpatients. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment 2021:17 413–422. https://www.dovepress.com/ by 2.190.196.99 on 24-May-2021.
Fredrickson, B. L. (2001). The role of positive emotions in positive psychology: The broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions. American Psychologist, 56(3), 218-226
Inchausti1, F. MacBeth.A, Hasson-Ohayon I and Giancarlo Dimaggio. (2020).  Psychological intervention andCOVID-19: What we know so far and what we can do Preprint· https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340377032.
Janiri D, Kotzalidis GD, Giuseppin G, Molinaro M, Modica M, Montanari S, Terenzi B, Carfì A, Landi F, Sani G and the Gemelli Against COVID-19 Post-acute Care Study Group (2020) Psychological Distress After Covid-19 Recovery: Reciprocal Effects with Temperament and Emotional Dysregulation. An Exploratory Study of Patients Over 60 Years of Age Assessed in a Post-acute Care Service. Front. Psychiatry 11:590135. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.590135.
Halpin SJ, McIvor C, Whyatt G. (2020). Postdischarge symptoms and rehabilitation needs in survivors of COVID-19 infection: A cross-sectional evaluation. J Med Virol;1–10. https: // doi. org / 10.1002/jmv.26368.
Http://ird.behdasht.gov.ir.
Kong X, Kong F, Zheng K, et all 2020. Effect of Psychological–Behavioral Intervention on the Depression and Anxiety of COVID-19 Patients. Front. Psychiatry 11:586355. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.586355.
Liu k, Zhang w, Yang Y, Zhang J, Li y& Chen y. (2020) Respiratory rehabilitation in elderly patients with COVID-19: A randomized controlled study. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice). 39(101166).
Nakao M, Yano E. (2006). Prediction of major depression in Japanese adults: somatic manifestation of depression in annual health examinations. J Affect Disord; 90(1): 29-35.
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2018). Post-traumatic stress disorder. NICE guideline. Retrieved on March 26, 2020 from www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng116
Mousavi S Z, Goodarzi M, Taghavi. S M (2019). Prediction of Post Traumatic Growth Based on Gratitude and Perceived Social Support in Women with Blood Cancer. Quarterly Journal of Health Psychology Vol. 8, No. 2, Series 30.
Ochoaa, C. Anna Casellas-Graua, d, Jaume Vives d et all (2017).  Positive psychotherapy for distressed cancer survivors: Posttraumatic growth facilitation reduces posttraumatic stress. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology. 17, 28---37.
Parks, A C (2020). Boucher, E. Positive Psychological Interventions (PPIs) in the age of COVID-19: on the potential impact of digital PPIs on loneliness, The Journal of Positive Psychology, DOI: 10.1080/17439760.2020.1789715
Shahyad sh, Mohammadi M (2020). Psychological Impacts of Covid-19 Outbreak on Mental Health Status of Society Individuals: A Narrative Review. Journal of Military Medicine February 2020, Volume 22, Issue 2 Pages: 184-192 10.30491/JMM.22.2.184
Traunmüller c, Stefitz p, Gaisbachgrabner k et al 2020. Psychological correlates of COVID-19 pandemic in the Austrian population. BMC Public Health 20:1395.2-1
Tedeschi RG, Calhoun LG. (2004) Posttraumatic growth: Conceptual foundations and empirical evidence Inquiry Psychological. (15) 1.1-18.DOL:10.1002/S15327965pli1501-01
Ridner SH.)2004).  Psychological distress:  concept analysis. J Advance Nurs 2004 ؛45 (5): 536-45.
Seligman, M. E. P., Rashid. T., & Parks, A. (2006). Positive Psychotherapy. American Psychologist. 61(8), 86-774.
Shah K, Kamrai D, Mekala H. (2020) Focus on Mental Health During the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Applying Learnings from the Past Outbreaks. Cureus 12(3): e7405. DOI 10.7759/cureus.7405.
Vahedian-Azimi, A. Moayed, M. Rahimibashar, F. )2020). Comparison of the severity of psychological distress among four groups of an Iranian population regarding COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Psychiatry   20:402. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02804-9.
Weerahandi, H. Hochman, c. Simon, E (2020). Post-discharge health status and symptoms in COVID-19 disease. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-020-06338-4. 738 Published online January 14, 2021.
World Health Organization. Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). 2/28/2020.
Wu, c. Xianglin Hu. (2020). Mental health status of survivors following COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. The Lancet Psychiatry Mental health status of survivors following COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study http://www.who.int/ respiratory/copd/definition/en/
Xu x, HU M-l, Song Y, Lu zh, CHEN Y, WU D&Xiao T. (2016). EEffect of Positive Psychological Intervention on Posttraumatic Growth among Primary Healthcare Workers in China: A Preliminary Prospective Study. Scientific Reports | 6:39189 | DOI: 10.1038/srep39189
Zaim, S., Chong, J. H., Sankaranarayanan, V., & Harky, A. (2020). COVID-19 and Multiorgan Response. Current problems in cardiology, 45(8), 100618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2020.100618
Zheng, Zh., Zhixian Yao, Ke Wu, Junhua Zheng. (2020). Patient follow‐up after discharge after COVID‐19 pneumonia: Considerations for infectious control. J Med Virol. 2020; 92:2412–2419. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25994

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 19 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 21 دی 1400

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار