اثربخشی کلاس وارونه بر نگرش، درگیری، و عملکرد دانشجویان در درس تولید محتوای الکترونیکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان­شناسی، دانشگاه تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان­شناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف سنجش اثربخشی کلاس وارونه بر نگرش، درگیری و عملکرد دانشجویان در درس تولید محتوای الکترونیکی انجام گرفت. بدین منظور از طرح نیمه آزمایشی (پیش آزمون- پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل) استفاده شد. جامعه پژوهش، کلیه دانشجویان علوم تربیتی دانشگاه تبریز در درس تولید محتوای الکترونیکی در نیمسال اول سال‌تحصیلی 1398-1397 بودند که به‌طور تصادفی در دو گروه 24 نفری آزمایش و کنترل گمارده شده‌اند. گروه آزمایش مهارت"تولید محتوای الکترونیکی از طریق نرم‌افزار استوری‌لاین" را براساس روش کلاس وارونه آموزش دیدند و گروه کنترل آموزش این مهارت را براساس روش آموزش متداول دریافت کردند. دوره‌های آموزش به مدت 12 جلسه در سایت کامپیوتری اجرا شد. جهت گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه‌های استاندارد سنجش نگرش و درگیری، و پرسشنامه محقق ساخته سنجش عملکرد استفاده شد. داده‌های گردآوری شده با استفاده از آزمون t مستقل، تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیره و تحلیل کواریانس تک متغیره تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج نشان داد که کاربست کلاس وارونه به نگرش مثبت دانشجویان به دوره آموزش موضوع عملی می‌انجامد، و درگیری و عملکرد آنان را در دوره افزایش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of Flipped classroom in Students' Attitudes, Engagement, and Performance in Electronic Content Production Lesson

نویسندگان [English]

  • kiumars taghipour 1
  • Seyyed Abdollah Ghassemtabar, 2
1 PhD, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Science, University of Tabriz, Iran Email: Taghipour@tabrizu.ac.ir (Corresponding Author)
2 . Ph.D, Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Science, Kharazmi University, Iran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effectiveness of Flipped classroom in students' attitude, engagement and performance in e-content production lesson. A semi-experimental design (pretest-posttest and control group) was used. The study population consisted of all educational science students of University of Tabriz in the electronic content production lesson in the first semester of the academic year 2018-2019. They were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.The experimental group trained the skill of "producing of electronic content through storyline software" based on the flipped classroom method and the control group received this skill based on the conventional instruction method. The instructional sessions conducted for 12 sessions on the computer site. Data were collected by standard questionnaires of attitude and engagement, and a researcher-made questionnaire of performance measurement. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, MANOVA, and ANCOVA. Results showed that applying Flipped classroom lead to positive attitude of students towards practical subject instruction course, and increased their engagement and performance in the course.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • instructional design
  • Flipped Classroom
  • attitude
  • engagement
  • and performance
منابع
فردانش، هاشم (1397). طراحی آموزشی: مبانی، رویکردها و کاربردها. تهران، انتشارات سمت.
Albert, M., & Beatty, B. J. (2014). Flipping the classroom applications to curriculum redesign for an introduction to management course: Impact on grades. Journal of Education for Business, 89(8), 419-424.
Alhija, F. N. A. (2017). Teaching in higher education: Good teaching through students’ lens. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 54, 4-12.
Allen, I. E., & Seaman, J. (2015). Grade Level: Tracking Online Education in the United States. Babson Survey Research Group.
ALRowais, A. S. (2014). The impact of flipped learning on achievement and attitudes in higher education. International Journal for Cross-Disciplinary Subjects in Education, 4(1), 1914-1921.
Alvarez, B. (2012). Flipping the classroom: Homework in class, lessons at home. The Education Digest, 77(8), 18.
Baker, J. W. (2000). The" classroom flip. Using web course management tools to become the guide by the side.
Bergmann, J., & Sams, A. (2012). Flip your classroom: Reach every student in every class every day: International Society for Technology in Education (1st ed.). Eugene, OR: International Society for Technology in Education.
Bhatti, M. A. (2012). Practical Optimization Methods: With Mathematica® Applications. Springer Science & Business Media.
Bishop, J. L., & Verleger, M. A. (2013, June). The flipped classroom: A survey of the research. In ASEE national conference proceedings, Atlanta, GA (Vol. 30, No. 9, pp. 1-18).
Bormann, J. (2014). Affordances of flipped learning and its effects on student engagement and achievement.
Butt, A. (2014). Student views on the use of a flipped classroom approach: Evidence from Australia. Business Education & Accreditation, 6(1), 33.
Carini, R. M., Kuh, G. D., & Klein, S. P. (2006). Student engagement and student learning: Testing the linkages. Research in higher education, 47(1), 1-32.
Carini, R. M., Kuh, G. D., & Klein, S. P. (2006). Student engagement and student learning: Testing the linkages. Research in higher education, 47(1), 1-32.‏
Cronhjort, M., Filipsson, L., & Weurlander, M. (2017). Improved engagement and learning in flipped-classroom calculus. Teaching Mathematics and its Applications: An International Journal of the IMA, 37(3), 113-121.
Demetry, C. (2010, October). Work in progress—An innovation merging “classroom flip” and team-based learning. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2010 IEEE (pp. T1E-1). IEEE.
Devlin, M., & O'Shea, H. (2012). Effective university teaching: Views of Australian university students from low socio-economic status backgrounds. Teaching in Higher Education, 17(4), 385-397.
Elliott, R. (2014, October). Do students like the flipped classroom? An investigation of student reaction to a flipped undergraduate IT course. In Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), 2014 IEEE (pp. 1-7). IEEE.
Entwistle, N. (2009). Teaching for understanding at university: Deep approaches and distinctive ways of thinking. Palgrave Macmillan.
Esperanza, P., Fabian, K., & Toto, C. (2016, September). Flipped classroom model: effects on performance, attitudes and perceptions in high school algebra. In European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning (pp. 85-97). Springer, Cham.‏
Fulton, K. P. (2012). 10 reasons to flip. Phi Delta Kappan, 94(2), 20-24.
Galindo I. (2012). Flip Your Classroom: Reach Every Student in Every Class Every Day.The Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Gerstein, J. (2011). The Flipped Classroom Model: A Full Picture. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
Hativa, N. (2015). What does the research say about good teaching and excellent teachers. Hora'ah Ba'academya, 5, 50-55.
James, A. J., Chin, C. K., & Williams, B. R. (2014). Using the flipped classroom to improve student engagement and to prepare graduates to meet maritime industry requirements: a focus on maritime education. WMU Journal of Maritime Affairs, 13(2), 331-343.‏
Kang, Y., & Ritzhaupt, A. D. (2015). A job announcement analysis of educational technology professional positions: Knowledge, skills, and abilities. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 43(3), 231-256.
Kim, M. K., Kim, S. M., Khera, O., & Getman, J. (2014). The experience of three flipped classrooms in an urban university: an exploration of design principles. The Internet and Higher Education, 22, 37-50.
Koo, C. L., Demps, E. L., Farris, C., Bowman, J. D., Panahi, L., & Boyle, P. (2016). Impact of flipped classroom design on student performance and perceptions in a pharmacotherapy course. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 80(2), 33.
Lee, J., Lim, C., & Kim, H. (2017). Development of an instructional design model for flipped learning in higher education. Educational Technology Research and Development, 65(2), 427-453.
Li, S. (2016). A study of learners’ satisfaction towards college oral English flipped classroom. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 6(10), 1958-1963.
Long, T., Cummins, J., & Waugh, M. (2017). Use of the flipped classroom instructional model in higher education: instructors’ perspectives. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 29(2), 179-200.
Malto, G. A. O., Dalida, C. S., & Lagunzad, C. G. B. (2018). Flipped Classroom Approach in Teaching Biology: Assessing Students’ Academic Achievement and Attitude Towards Biology. KnE Social Sciences, 3(6), 540-554.‏
McCallum, S., Schultz, J., Sellke, K., & Spartz, J. (2015). An Examination of the Flipped Classroom Approach on College Student Academic Involvement. International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 27(1), 42-55.‏
McLaughlin, J. E., Roth, M. T., Glatt, D., Gharkholonarehe, N., Davidson, C., Griffin, L., Esserman, D., & Mumper, R. J. (2014). The flipped classroom: A course design to foster learning and engagement in health professions education.
Miron, M., & Mevorach, M. (2014). The" Good Professor" as Perceived by Experienced Teachers Who Are Graduate Students. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 2(3), 82-87.
Okpala, C. O., & Ellis, R. (2005). The Perceptions of College Students on Teacher Quality: A Focus on Teacher Qualifications. Education, 126(2).
Ritzhaupt, A. D., & Kumar, S. (2015). Knowledge and skills needed by instructional designers in higher education. Performance Improvement Quarterly, 28(3), 51-69.
Saglam, D., & Arslan, A. (2018). The Effect of Flipped Classroom on the Academic Achievement and Attitude of Higher Education Students. World Journal of Education, 8(4), 170-176.
Scarboro, A. (2012). Student perception of good teaching. International Journal of New Trends in Arts, Sports & Science Education (IJTASE), 1(1), 49-66.
Stone, B., B. (2012). Flip your classroom to increase active learning and student engagement. Paper presented at the 28th Annual Conference on Distance Teaching and Learning, Madison, WI. http://www.uwex.edu/disted/conference/Resource_ library/proceedings/56511_2012.pdf.
Strayer, J. F. (2012). How learning in an inverted classroom influences cooperation, innovation and task orientation. Learning environments research, 15(2), 171-193.
Su, C. Y., & Chen, C. H. (2018). Investigating the Effects of Flipped Learning, Student Question Generation, and Instant Response Technologies on Students’ Learning Motivation, Attitudes, and Engagement: A Structural Equation Modeling. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 14(6), 2453-2466.‏
Trowler, V. (2010). Student engagement literature review. The higher education academy, 11(1), 1-15.
Unakorn, P., & Klongkratoke, U. (2015). Effectiveness of flipped classroom to mathematics learning of grade 11 students.  A Paper presented at the 21st & 22nd International Conference on Language, Education, and Humanities & Innovation. Retrieved from https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=2ahUKEwijv6Kom8LfAhVLZFAKHdVNAXwQFjAAegQICRAC&url=https%3A%2F%2Ficsai.org%2Fprocarch%2F1iclehi%2F1iclehi44.pdf&usg=AOvVaw3vWDUzvf5t6Een7TJ1VJH0.
Unal, Z., & Unal, A. (2017). Comparison of Student Performance, Student Perception, and Teacher Satisfaction with Traditional versus Flipped Classroom Models. International Journal of Instruction, 10(4), 145-164.
Wagner, D., Laforge, P., & Cripps, D. (2013). Lecture material retention: A first trial report on flipped classroom strategies in electronic systems engineering at the University of Regina. Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association.
Wimpenny, K., & Savin-Baden, M. (2013). Alienation, agency and authenticity: A synthesis of the literature on student engagement. Teaching in Higher Education, 18(3), 311-326.
Yilmaz, R. (2017). Exploring the role of e-learning readiness on student satisfaction and motivation in flipped classroom. Computers in Human Behavior, 70, 251-260.
Young, T. P., Bailey, C. J., Guptill, M., Thorp, A. W., & Thomas, T. L. (2014). The flipped classroom: a modality for mixed asynchronous and synchronous learning in a residency program. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine, 15(7), 938.
Zappe, S., Leicht, R., Messner, J., Litzinger, T., & Lee, H. W. (2009). " Flipping" the classroom to explore active learning in a large undergraduate course. In ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition, Conference Proceedings.