American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5thed.). Washington, DC. American Psychiatric Press
Bomyea, J., Ramsawh, H., Ball, T. M., Taylor, C. T., Paulus, M. P., Lang, A. J., & Stein, M. B. (2015). Intolerance of uncertainty as a mediator of reductions in worry in a cognitive behavioral treatment program for generalized anxiety disorder.
Journal of anxiety disorders,
33 (1), 90-94.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2015.05.004
Bottesi, G., Ghisi, M., Carraro, E., Barclay, N., Payne, R., & Freeston, M. H. (2016). Revising the intolerance of uncertainty model of generalized anxiety disorder: evidence from UK and Italian undergraduate samples.
Frontiers in Psychology,
7 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.3389%2Ffpsyg.2016.01723
Burgess, E. E., Selchen, S., Diplock, B. D., & Rector, N. A. (2021). A brief mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) intervention as a population-level strategy for anxiety and depression.
International Journal of Cognitive Therapy,
14 (2), 380-398.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41811-021-00105-x
Dugas, M. J., Hedayati, M., Karavidas, A., Buhr, K., Francis, K., & Phillips, N. A. (2005). Intolerance of uncertainty and information processing: Evidence of biased recall and interpretations.
Cognitive therapy and research,
29 (1), 57-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-005-1648-9
Fahimi, S., Mahmoud Aliloo, M., RahimKhanli, M., Fakhari, A., & Poursharifi, H. (2013). Compare intolerance of uncertainty in the generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder and normal people.
Journal of Research in Behavioral Sciences, 11 (4), 233-244. (In Persian)
http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.17352029.1392.11.4.1.8
Feng, B., Zeng, L., Hu, Z., Fan, X., Ai, X., Huang, F., & Zheng, X. (2025). Global precedence effect in fear generalization and the role of trait anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty.
Behaviour Research and Therapy,
184 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104669
Fernandez, M. D. S., da Silva, N. R. J., Bielavski, C. H., da Silva, J. A., & Silva, A. E. R. (2024). Generalized anxiety disorder in Brazilian undergraduate dental students during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A cross‐sectional study.
European Journal of Dental Education,
28 (1), 117-129.
https://doi.org/10.1111/eje.12927
Franklin, A. R., Mathersul, D. C., Raine, A., & Ruscio, A. M. (2021). Restlessness in generalized anxiety disorder: using actigraphy to measure physiological reactions to threat.
Behavior therapy,
52 (3), 734-744.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2020.09.004
Gu, Y., Gu, S., Lei, Y., & Li, H. (2020). From uncertainty to anxiety: How uncertainty fuels anxiety in a process mediated by intolerance of uncertainty.
Neural Plasticity,
1 (1), 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8866386
Hofmann, S. G., Sawyer, A. T., Witt, A. A., & Oh, D. (2010). The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review.
Journal of consulting and clinical psychology,
78 (2), 169-179.
https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0018555
Homayouni, S., Taghavi, M.R., Goodarzi, M, A., & Hadianfard, H. (2022). The efficacy of emotion focused therapy on worry and self-criticism in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder.
Journal of Psychological Science,
21 (109), 1-18. (In Persian)
http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/JPS.21.109.1
Ibrahim, D., Ahmed, R. M., Mohammad, A. Z., Ibrahim, B., Mohammed, T., Mohamed, M. E., ... & Shaaban, K. M. (2024). Prevalence and correlates of generalized anxiety disorder and perceived stress among Sudanese medical students.
BMC psychiatry,
24 (1), 68-78.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05510-y
Jiang, S. S., Liu, X. H., Han, N., Zhang, H. J., Xie, W. X., Xie, Z. J., ... & Huang, X. B. (2022). Effects of group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and group cognitive behavioural therapy on symptomatic generalized anxiety disorder: a randomized controlled noninferiority trial.
BMC psychiatry,
22 (1), 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-04127-3
Johnson, S. U., Ulvenes, P. G., Øktedalen, T., & Hoffart, A. (2019). Psychometric properties of the GAD-7 in a heterogeneous psychiatric sample.
Frontiers in psychology,
10 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01713
Karatepe, O. M., Çolakoğlu, Ü., Yurcu, G., & Kaya, Ş. (2024). Do financial anxiety and generalized anxiety mediate the effect of perceived organizational support on service employees’ career commitment?.
International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,
36 (4), 1087-1113.
https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1108/IJCHM-08-2022-0929
Koerner, N., Mejia, T., & Kusec, A. (2017). What’s in a name? Intolerance of uncertainty, other uncertainty-relevant constructs, and their differential relations to worry and generalized anxiety disorder.
Cognitive Behaviour Therapy,
46 (2), 141-161.
https://doi.org/10.1080/16506073.2016.1211172
Murphy, J., Rowell, L., McQuaid, A., Timulak, L., O'Flynn, R., & McElvaney, J. (2017). Developing a model of working with worry in emotion‐focused therapy: A discovery‐phase task analytic study.
Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,
17 (1), 56-70.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/capr.12089
Naeinian, M., Shaeiri, M., Sharif, M., & Hadian, M. (2011). To Study Reliability and Validity for A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7).
Clinical Psychology and Personality,
9 (1), 41-50. (In Persian)
https://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.23452188.1390.9.1.5.7
Nikbagha, S, M., Tabesh Mofrad, N., Naseri Manesh, M., Karami, S. (2023). The effect of Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in Anxiety sensitivity, Deficits in emotional processing and Distress tolerance of Nurses with Symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder.
Iranin of Psychiatric Nursing, 11 (1), 52-64. (In Persian)
http://dx.doi.org/10.22034/IJPN.11.1.52
O’Connell Kent, J. A., Jackson, A., Robinson, M., Rashleigh, C., & Timulak, L. (2021). Emotion‐focused therapy for symptoms of generalised anxiety in a student population: An exploratory study.
Counselling and Psychotherapy Research,
21 (2), 260-268.
https://doi.org/10.1002/capr.12346
Partovi Pirooz L, Jomehori F, Seadatee Shamir A, Hasani J. (2022). Structural model of health anxiety based on intolerance of uncertainty and anxiety sensitivity with mediating the role of rumination in college students.
journal of Adolescent and Youth Psychological Studies.
3 (2), 278-290. (In Persian)
http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/jspnay.3.2.278
Poshtan, M. M., Aflakseir, A., Witthöft, M., Cherry, M. G., Taghanaki, C. R., & Ramzi, M. (2025). The Role of Intolerance of Uncertainty in Health Anxiety in Cancer Patients: Exploring Demographic and Cancer-related Variations.
European Journal of Oncology Nursing,
1 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2025.102793
Ren, L., Wei, Z., Li, Y., Cui, L. B., Wang, Y., Wu, L., ... & Liu, X. (2021). The relations between different components of intolerance of uncertainty and symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder: a network analysis.
BMC psychiatry,
21 (1), 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03455-0
Salkovskis, P. M., Rimes, K. A., Warwick, H. M. C., & Clark, D. M. (2002). The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis.
Psychological medicine,
32 (5), 843-853.
https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702005822
Segal, Z. V., Anderson, A. K., Gulamani, T., Dinh Williams, L.-A., Desormeau, P., Ferguson, A., Walsh, K., & Farb, N. A. S. (2019). Practice of therapy acquired regulatory skills and depressive relapse/recurrence prophylaxis following cognitive therapy or mindfulness based cognitive therapy.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 87 (2), 161–170.
https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000351
Sexton, K. A., & Dugas, M. J. (2009). Defining distinct negative beliefs about uncertainty: validating the factor structure of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale.
Psychological assessment,
21 (2), 176-186.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015827
Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: the GAD-7.
Archives of internal medicine,
166 (10), 1092-1097.
https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092
Timulak, L., & McElvaney, J. (2016). Emotion-focused therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: An overview of the model.
Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy,
46 (1), 41-52.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10879-015-9310-7
Timulak, L., & McElvaney, J. (2017).
Transforming generalized anxiety: An emotion-focused approach. Routledge.
https://www.routledge.com/
Timulak, L., Keogh, D., Chigwedere, C., Wilson, C., Ward, F., Hevey, D., Griffin, P., Jacobs, L., Hughes, S., Vaughan, C., Beckham, K., & Mahon, S. (2022). A comparison of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder: Results of a feasibility randomized controlled trial.
Psychotherapy, 59 (1), 84–95.
https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000427
Timulak, L., Keogh, D., Chigwedere, C., Wilson, C., Ward, F., Hevey, D., ... & Irwin, B. (2018). A comparison of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.
Trials,
19 (1), 1-11.
https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000427
Tolin, D. F., Lee, E., Levy, H. C., Das, A., Mammo, L., Katz, B. W., & Diefenbach, G. J. (2021). Psychophysiological assessment of stress reactivity and recovery in anxiety disorders.
Journal of Anxiety Disorders,
82 (2), 1024-1036.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2021.102426
Torabi, A.A., Afrooz, G.A., Hassani, F., & Golshani, F. (2021). Designing a Family-Centered Behavioral Management Program (FBMP) and Evaluating its Effectiveness in Marital Satisfaction of Parents of Children with ADHD.
Quarterly Journal Family and Research, 18 (3), 25-42. (In Persian)
http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.26766728.1400.18.3.2.5
Torres-Platas, S. G., Escobar, S., Belliveau, C., Wu, J., Sasi, N., Fotso, J., ... & Rej, S. (2019). Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy intervention for the treatment of late-life depression and anxiety symptoms in primary care: a randomized controlled trial.
Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics,
88 (4), 254-256.
https://doi.org/10.1159/000501214
Vadivel, B., Azadfar, Z., Talib, M. A., Mutlak, D. A., Suksatan, W., Abbood, A. A. A., ... & Chupradit, S. (2022). Intolerance of uncertainty scale-12: psychometric properties of this construct among Iranian undergraduate students.
Frontiers in Psychology,
13 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.894316
Veisi, S., & Kashefi, F. (2025). effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on executive functioning, theory of mind and mentalization in people with borderline personality disorder.
New Advances in Behavioral Sciences, 10 (58), 340-353.
https://ijndibs.com/article-1-1164-fa.html
Williams, M., Honan, C., Skromanis, S., Sanderson, B., & Matthews, A. J. (2023). Psychological Outcomes and Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Training for Generalised Anxiety Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Current Psychology,
1 (2), 1-23.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04695-x
Wilson, E. J., Stapinski, L., Dueber, D. M., Rapee, R. M., Burton, A. L., & Abbott, M. J. (2020). Psychometric properties of the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale-12 in generalized anxiety disorder: Assessment of factor structure, measurement properties and clinical utility.
Journal of anxiety disorders,
76 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102309
Ye, H., He, S., Chen, S., Yu, W., Huang, Y., Li, Y., ... & Fan, F. (2025). Classification of intolerance of uncertainty among adolescents: Evidence from latent profile and ROC analyses.
Personality and Individual Differences,
236 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2024.113015
Zainal, N. H., & Newman, M. G. (2024). Which client with generalized anxiety disorder benefits from a mindfulness ecological momentary intervention versus a self-monitoring app? Developing a multivariable machine learning predictive model.
Journal of anxiety disorders,
102 (1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2024.102825
)