تاثیر متفاوت موقعیّت مکانی محرّک ناهمگن بر اتّساع زمانی موسیقی‌دان‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه روانشناسی بالینی و سلامت، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه علوم اعصاب شناختی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران.

3 استادیار علوم اعصاب، مرکز تحصیلات تکمیلی زرند، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

وقتی یک محرّک ناهمگن در یک توالی از محرّک‌های همگن ارائه شود، طول مدّت آن بیشتر به نظر می‌آید. آزمایشی برای بررسی اثر موقعیّت مکانی محرّک ناهمگن بر ادراک زمان طرّاحی شد؛ یک محرّک ناهمگن در زنجیره‌ای از محرّک‌های همگن قرار می‌گرفت و موقعیّت مکانی آن در هر کوشش متغیّر بود. 16 موسیقی‌دان و 16 غیرموسیقی‌دان به صورت داوطلبانه و با فراخوان قبلی در آزمایش شرکت کردند. آزمودنی‌ها باید قضاوت می‌کردند که محرّک ناهمگن از محرّک‌های استاندارد طولانی‌تر است یا کوتاه‌تر. سپس داده‌های دو گروه به شاخص‌های نقطه‌ی تعادل ذهنی و آستانه‌ی افتراقی تبدیل شدند و مورد مقایسه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که برای غیرموسیقی‌دانان، محرّک‌های ناهمگنی که جایگاه دورتری در زنجیره دارند، نسبت به آن‌هایی که جایگاه نزدیک‌تری دارند، طولانی‌تر ادراک می‌شوند. برخلاف نتایج غیرموسیقی‌دانان، اثر موقعیّت مکانی محرّک ناهمگن در موسیقی‌دانان مشاهده نشد؛ زمان ذهنی آن‌ها بدون تغییر باقی ماند. پژوهش جاری نشان داد که موسیقی‌دانان از سطوح بالاتر پردازش اطّلاعات زمانی برخوردارند و شواهدی در زمینه‌ی نیرومندی پیام‌های بالا به پایین آن‌ها فراهم آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Different Effect of Oddball Serial Position on Duration Dilation of Musicians

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Ebneabbasi 1
  • Mihammadali Nazari 2
  • Hoda Jalal Kamali 3
1 MSc student of Clinical and Health Psychology, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Cognitive Neuroscience Group, Iran University of Medical Sciences
3 Assistant Professor, Neuroscience Group,Higher Education Complex of Zarand, Kerman, Iran
چکیده [English]

When an oddball stimulus is presented within a stream of homogeneous stimuli, its duration tends to be overestimated. An experiment designed to investigate the effect of oddball serial position on subjective duration; An oddball stimulus was embedded in a series of standard stimuli and randomly positioned in each trial. 16 Musicians and 16 nonmusicians participated in the experiment voluntarily and through previous invitation. Participants asked to judge whether the oddball was shorter or longer than the standards. Then, the data of two groups were transformed to the point of subjective equality (PSE) and difference limen (DL) and were compared. The results indicated that for nonmusicians, the oddballs occurring in later positions in the stream of stimuli are perceived to be longer than oddballs occurring in earlier positions. In contrast with the results of nonmusicians, there was no oddball position effect with musician participants; their subjective duration remained constant. The present study indicated that the musicians have higher levels of temporal information processing and provided evidences regarding the strength of musician’s top-down signals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Auditory perception
  • time dilation
  • oddball serial position
  • musicians
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