اثربخشی رویکرد هیجان‌مدار بر فراهیجان منفی و الگوهای ارتباطی در زوجین با تجربه ازدواج مجدد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس، گنبد کاووس، ایران

10.22034/jmpr.2026.71026.6949

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی رویکرد هیجان‌مدار بر فراهیجان منفی و الگوهای ارتباطی در زوجین با تجربه ازدواج مجدد بود. روش پژوهش حاضر، نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه‌ی زوجین دارای تجربه ازدوج مجدد بود که در 7 ماهه اول سال 1404 به دلیل مشکلات زناشویی در ازدواج دوم به مراکز مشاوره سطح شهر گنبد کاووس مراجعه کرده بودند که از بین آنها به شیوه نمونه‌گیری هدفمند تعداد 20 زوج (40 نفر) انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل (20 نفر در هر گروه) جایگزین شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری داده‌ها مقیاس فراهیجان (MES) میتمانسگروبر و همکاران و پرسشنامه الگوهای ارتباطی زوجین (CPQ) کریستینسن و سولاوی بود. گروه آزمایش مداخله هفتگی را به شکل گروهی در هشت جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای دریافت کرد. داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس چند متغیره تجزیه و تحلیل شد. نتایج حاصل از داده‌ها نشان داد که پس از کنترل اثر پیش‌آزمون، یافته‌ها تفاوت معناداری را در عملکرد دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در نمره فراهیجان منفی (60/567 = F)؛ الگوی ارتباطی ارتباطی سازنده (37/679 =F)؛ توقع/ کناره‌گیری (52/198 =F) و اجتناب متقابل (62/115 = F) در مرحله پس‌آزمون، نشان داد. با توجه به یافته‌ها می‌توان بیان کرد که رویکرد متمرکز بر هیجان در کاهش فراهیجان منفی و بهبود الگوهای ارتباطی زوجین کارآمد است و در نتیجه در بهبود روابط زناشویی موثر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of Emotion-Focused Approach on Negative Meta-Emotion and Communication Patterns in Couples with Remarriage Experience

نویسنده [English]

  • Mehdi Ghezelsefloo
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Sports Sciences, Gonbad Kavoos University, Gonbad Kavoos, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of an emotion-focused approach on negative meta-emotion and communication patterns in couples with remarriage experience. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the research consisted of all couples with remarriage experience who had referred to counseling centers in Gonbad-e Kavus during the first 7 months of the year 1404 due to marital problems in their second marriage. From this population, 20 couples (40 individuals) were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and the control group (20 individuals in each group). The data collection tools were the meta-emotion Scale (MES) by Mitmansgruber et al (2009), and the Couple Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ) by Christensen and Sullaway(1984). The experimental group received weekly intervention in a group format in 8 90-minute sessions. The data were analyzed using a Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA) test. The results obtained from the data indicated that, after controlling for the pretest effect, the findings showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the posttest scores for negative meta-emotion (F = 60.567); meta- anger (F = 110.853); meta-contempt/meta-shame(F = 69.241); tough control(F= 49.131); meta-suppression (F= 45.671); Constructive communication pattern (F = 37.679); demand/withdraw (F = 52.198); and mutual avoidance (F=62. 115). Based on the findings, it can be stated that the Emotionally Focused Approach is effective in reducing negative meta-emotion and improving the communication patterns of couples, and consequently, it is effective in enhancing marital relationships.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • emotion-focused approach
  • negative meta- emotion
  • communication patterns
  • remarriage
Ahmadi Katayouncheh, F., & KhoshAkhlagh, H. (2024). The effects of emotion-focused therapy on anxiety sensitivity and over-emotion in women with multiple sclerosis (MS) in isfahan. Faslname-i mudiriyyat-e parastari, 13(1), 38-48. [In Persian] http://ijnv.ir/article-1-1092-en.html
Amini, A., Ghorbanshirroudi, S., & Khalatbari, J. (2023). Comparison of the effectiveness of teaching strategies based on emotion-oriented couple on communication patterns of couples. Armaghane Danesh, 28(3), 340-354. [In Persian] http://armaghanj.yums.ac.ir/article-1-3435-en.html
Asano, K. (2019). Emotion processing and the role of compassion in psychotherapy from the perspective of multiple selves and the compassionate self. Case Reports in Psychiatry, 2019(1), 7214752. DOI: 10.1155/2019/7214752
Ayadi, N. A., Fatehizade, M., & Etemadi, O. (2025). Identifying the Challenges and Issues of Remarriage after Divorce in Iran: A Qualitative Systematic Review. Journal of Applied Psychological Research, 16(3), 107-126. [In Persian] DOI:10.22059/japr.2024.358746.644611
Bahrami Nejad, H., Shariatmadar, A., Farahbakhsh, K., & Asgari, M. (2024). Analyzing the Challenges and Components of Remarriage Instability in Couple Therapy Applicants: Grounded Theory Research. Applied Psychology, 18(3), 212-235. [In Persian] DOI: 10.48308/apsy.2024.236413.1683
Bailen, N. H., Wu, H., & Thompson, R. J. (2019). Meta-emotions in daily life: Associations with emotional awareness and depression. Emotion, 19(5), 776. DOI: 10.1037/emo0000488
Bean, R. C., Ledermann, T., Higginbotham, B. J., & Galliher, R. V. (2021). Adjustment difficulties and marital stability in remarriages: The role of stepfamily constellation. Marriage & Family Review, 57(8), 721-740. https://doi.org/10.1080/01494929.2021.1958123
Boersma, K., Håkanson, A., Salomonsson, E., & Johansson, I. (2015). Compassion focused therapy to counteract shame, self-criticism and isolation. A replicated single case experimental study for individuals with social anxiety. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 45(2), 89-98. DOI: 10.1007/s10879-014-9286-8
Bumpass, L., & Raley, K. (2013). Measuring separation and divorce. In Handbook of measurement issues in family research (pp. 125-143). Routledge.
Butt, Z. T., & Farooq, Z. (2025). RELIGIOSITY, COMMUNICATION PATTERNS AND MARITAL INSTABILITY IN YOUNG MARRIED INDIVIDUALS. Contemporary Journal of Social Science Review, 3(4), 21-43.
Christensen, A., & Sullaway, M. (1984). Communication patterns questionnaire. Journal of Marriage and the Family.
Dipti, P., & Kumar, J. A. (2018). Role of positivemetacognitions and meta-emotions inpredicting alexithymia. International Journal of Scientific Research and Reviews, 7(3), 487-98.
Ebadi, M., Basharpoor, S., & Narimani, M. (2020). Fitting the Causal Model Based on the Couple Relationship Distress According to Negative Meta-Emotion: The Mediating Role of Rejection Sensitivity in Married People. Iranian Journal of Family Psychology, 7(2), 61-74. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.22034/ijfp.2021.245575
Elyasi, F., Mirzahosseini, H., & Sharifirad, G. (2025). The effectiveness of group marital enrichment program using Gottman method on difficulty in emotional regulation, communication patterns and attachment styles of couples in Qom province. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ), 13(12), 43-54. [In Persian] http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-5570-en.html
Ghanbari Barzain, A., Hashemianfar, A., & Davoodi, B. (2023). Sociological Study of Influencing Factors in the Tendency of Divorced Women to Remarry (Case Study of Isfahan City). Journal of Applied Sociology, 34(1), 89-112. [In Persian] DOI: 10.22108/jas.2023.132909.2277
Güngör, A. (2025). Remarriage After Divorce: Insights from the Turkish Context.
Guzmán-González, M., Valarezo-Bravo, O., & Casu, G. (2024). Are we okay… Am I okay? Romantic attachment, couple relationship quality and depressive symptoms in a Chilean sample. Current Psychology, 43(30), 25247-25256. DOI:10.1007/s12144-024-06214-y
Hafeez, H. T., Loona, M. I., & Nawaz, A. (2025). Effect of communication patterns and emotional distress on relationship dissatisfaction among married individuals. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 40(1), 135-154. https://doi.org/10.33824/PJPR.2025.40.1.09
Haghighi, Z., Rezaei, S., & Pourramzani, A. (2026). Metacognition and meta-emotion in schizophrenia, bipolar I disorder, and obsessive–compulsive disorder: A cross-sectional comparative study. Acta Psychologica, 262, 106135. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.106135
Havighurst, S. S., Radovini, A., Hao, B., & Kehoe, C. E. (2020). Emotion-focused parenting interventions for prevention and treatment of child and adolescent mental health problems: a review of recent literature. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 33(6), 586-601. DOI:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000647
Hu, Y., & To, S. (2018). Family relations and remarriage post-divorce and post widowhood in China. Journal of Family Issues, 39(8), 2286-2310. DOI:10.1177/0192513X17748694
Hurrell, K. E., Houwing, F. L., & Hudson, J. L. (2017). Parental meta-emotion philosophy and emotion coaching in families of children and adolescents with an anxiety disorder. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 45(3), 569-582. DOI:10.1007/s10802-016-0180-6
Iran Welfare Organization. (2017). remarry Retrieved from: https://www.behzisti.ir/news.
Jesline, J., Romate, J., Diya, E., & Rajkumar, E. (2025). Mediating role of resilience on the relationship between meta emotions and emotional regulation among neglected adolescents. BMC psychology, 13(1), 622. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02856-0.
Kanth, D. B., Indumathy, J., Kadhiravan, S., Nagasubramaniyan, G., & Lekha, P. P. S. (2024). Measuring couples and family dynamics in India: Cultural adaptations and validations. Springer Nature.
Khajeh hasani rabari, F., Rezaei, F., Mirzai, F., & Sedighi, F. (2024). The effectiveness of emotion-based therapy on fear of intimacy, hostile documents and over-excitement in woman affected by marital breach. Rooyesh. 13(1), 233-242. [In Persian] http://frooyesh.ir/article-1-4874-en.html
Klein, S. R., Renshaw, K. D., & Curby, T. W. (2016). Emotion regulation and perceptions of hostile and constructive criticism in romantic relationships. Behavior therapy, 47(2), 143-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2015.10.007
Koechlin, H., Coakley, R., Schechter, N., Werner, C., & Kossowsky, J. (2018). The role of emotion regulation in chronic pain: A systematic literature review. Journal of psychosomatic research, 107, 38-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2018.02.002
Lesles, S. G. (2005). Emotion-Focused Therapy: Principlesand Fundamentals. Translated by Akbari, Habibollah; Rafi, Tahereh. (2017). Bat Publications.
Li, P. F., & Johnson, L. N. (2018). Couples’ depression and relationship satisfaction: Examining the moderating effects of demand/withdraw communication patterns. Journal of Family Therapy, 40, S63-S85. DOI: 10.1111/1467-6427.12124
Li, D., Li, D., Wu, N., & Wang, Z. (2019). Intergenerational transmission of emotion regulation through parents' reactions to children's negative emotions: Tests of unique, actor, partner, and mediating effects. Children and Youth Services Review, 101, 113-122. 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.03.038
Li, X., Jiang, Q., Cheng, X., & Ge, T. (2023). Remarriage after divorce and health in later life: Findings from CHARLS in China. Journal of Family Issues, 44(2), 560-582. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X211054464
Maghbareh, P., Mardani, P., & Faghih Tabaghdehi, A. (2025). The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Negative Meta-Emotions and Sexual Self-Efficacy in Women Affected by Extramarital Relationships. Psychology of Woman Journal, 6(3), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.pwj.6.3.3
Malesza, M. (2019). Stress and delay discounting: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation. Personality and Individual Differences, 144, 56-60. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.02.035
Marren, C., Mikoška, P., O'Brien, S., & Timulak, L. (2022). A qualitative meta‐analysis of the clients' experiences of emotion‐focused therapy. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 29(5), 1611-1625. DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2745.
Mazzuca, S., Kafetsios, K., Livi, S., & Presaghi, F. (2019). Emotion regulation and satisfaction in long-term marital relationships: The role of emotional contagion. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(9), 2880-2895. DOI: 10.1177/0265407518804452
McKinnon, J. M., & Greenberg, L. S. (2017). Vulnerable emotional expression in emotion focused couples therapy: Relating interactional processes to outcome. Journal of marital and family therapy, 43(2), 198-212. DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12229
Mendonça, D. (2024). A Deweyan Philosophical Take on Emotions: A Layered Theory. Springer Nature.
Meng, T. J., Qian, Y., Wang, Y. L., Gao, B. L., Liu, J. J., Yue, J. L., & Tang, D. H. (2024). The effect of systematic couple group therapy on families with depressed juveniles: a pilot trial. Frontiers in psychiatry, 15, 1283519. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1283519.
Mitmansgruber, H., Beck, T. N., Höfer, S., & Schüßler, G. (2009). When you don’t like what you feel: Experiential avoidance, mindfulness and meta-emotion in emotion regulation. Personality and individual differences, 46(4), 448-453. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2008.11.013
Moghadasali, S., Mirhashemi, M., & Bagheri, N. (2021). The Role Communication Patterns and Identity Styles on Prediction Marital Satisfaction: A Discriminational Study. Applied Psychology, 15(1), 168-141. [In Persian] DOI: 10.52547/apsy.2021.216298.0
Munoz, R. T., Hellman, C. M., Buster, B., Robbins, A., Carroll, C., Kabbani, M & Fox, M. D. (2016). Life satisfaction, hope, and positive emotions as antecedents of health related quality of life among homeless individuals. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 1(1), 69-89. DOI: 10.1007/s41042-017-0005-z
Nguyen, O. T., & Pawle, R. H. (2021). A Thematic Analysis Study about Remarriage of Elderly Men in Vietnam. Scholar, 13(2), 286.
Pourmohseni, F., Mostafaei, M., Jafari, E., Hadian ShibAbandani, S., & Ghasemi, M. (2024). The Role of Listening Style and Negative Meta Emotion in Marital Dissatisfaction of Women with Anxiety Attachment. Journal of Family Relations Studies, 4(12), 51-58. [In Persian] DOI: 10.22098/jfrs.2023.13407.1138
Rezaei, n., Parsaei, I., Nejati, E., Nik Amal, M., & Hashemi Razini, S. (2014). Psychometric properties of the students' meta-emotion scale. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Research, 23(6), 111-124. [In Persian] DOI: 10.30473/sc.2025.75429.3089
Rosen, N. O., Dubé, J. P., Bosisio, M., & Bergeron, S. (2025). Do demand-withdrawal communication patterns during sexual conflict predict couples’ relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, and sexual distress? An observational and prospective study. The Journal of Sex Research, 62(5), 787-799. doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2024.2386997
Royeen, C. B. (2020). Meta-emotion of Occupation with Wissen (MeOW): Feeling about feeling while doing with meaning. Journal of Occupational Science, 27(4), 460-473. DOI: 10.1080/14427591.2020.1742196.
Sajedi, H., & Sadati, S. Z. (2026). Comparing the Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Couple Therapy and Systemic Couple Therapy on Executive Functions and Negative Meta-Emotion in Couples with Marital Conflicts. Iranian Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders, 5(3), 1-11. [In Persian] https://doi.org/10.61838/kman.jndd.707
Spengler, P. M., Lee, N. A., Wiebe, S. A., & Wittenborn, A. K. (2024). A comprehensive meta-analysis on the efficacy of emotionally focused couple therapy. Couple and Family Psychology: Research and Practice, 13(2), 81. DOI: 10.1037/cfp0000233
Sotoudeh Navroodi, S. O., Ershad Tawana, S., Pooragha Roodbardeh, F., & Farokhi, N. (2024). The Effectiveness of Emotion –Focused Couple on Marital Harmony and Communication Patterns in Incompatible Couples. Journal of Behavior Modification Studies, 1(2), 41-52. [In Persian]
Tan, L., Smith, C. L., & Dunsmore, J. C. (2023). Validation of a Chinese translation of the Parents’ Beliefs About Children’s Emotions questionnaire and measurement invariance across Chinese and US mothers. Current Psychology, 42(16), 13486-13496. DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02614-6
Teymori, Z., Mojtabaie, M., & Rezazadeh, S. M. R. (2020). The Effectiveness of Emotionally Focused Therapy on Emotion Regulation, Anger Rumination, and Marital Intimacy in Women Affected by Spouse Infidelity. Caspian Journal of Health Research, 5(4), 78-82. [In Persian] DOI: 10.52547/cjhr.5.4.78
Timulak, L., Keogh, D., Chigwedere, C., Wilson, C., Ward, F., Hevey, D. & Irwin, B. (2018). A comparison of emotion-focused therapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy in the treatment of generalised anxiety disorder: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 19(1), 506. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000427
Vazhappilly, J. J., & Reyes, M. E. S. (2018). Efficacy of emotion-focused couples communication program for enhancing couples’ communication and marital satisfaction among distressed partners. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy, 48(2), 79-88. DOI: 10.1007/s10879-017-9375-6
Watts, J. R., Lazzareschi, N. R., Warwick, L. A., & Gaa, M. (2025). Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in postsecondary students exposed to childhood psychological abuse: Exploring the role of negative meta‐emotions. Journal of Counseling & Development, 103(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12534
Welch, T. S., Lachmar, E. M., Leija, S. G., Easley, T., Blow, A. J., & Wittenborn, A. K. (2019). Establishing safety in emotionally focused couple therapy: A single‐case process study. Journal of marital and family therapy, 45(4), 621-634. DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12398
Wiebe, S. A., Johnson, S. M., Burgess Moser, M., Dalgleish, T. L., & Tasca, G. A. (2017). Predicting follow‐up outcomes in emotionally focused couple therapy: The role of change in trust, relationship‐specific attachment, and emotional engagement. Journal of marital and family therapy, 43(2), 213-226. DOI: 0.1111/jmft.12199
Wiebe, S. A., Elliott, C., Johnson, S. M., Burgess Moser, M., Dalgleish, T. L., Lafontaine, M. F., & Tasca, G. (2019). Attachment change in emotionally focused couple therapy and sexual satisfaction outcomes in a two-year follow-up study. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 18(1), 1-21. DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12206
Wijayanti, Y. T. (2021). long distance marriage couple communication pattern during the Covid-19 pandemic. Jurnal Aspikom, 6(1), 208-221. DOI: 10.24329/aspikom.v6i1.718.
Wittenborn, A.K., Liu, T., Ridenour, T.A., Lachmar, E.M., Mitchell, E.A., & Seedall, R.B. (2019). Randomized controlledtrial of emotionally focused couple therapy compared to treatment as usual for depression: Outcomes and mechanisms of change. Journal of marital and family therapy, 45(3), 395-409. DOI: 10.1111/jmft.12350
Xu, M., Johnson, L. N., Anderson, S. R., Hunt, Q., Bradford, A. B., Banford Witting, A., ... & Miller, R. B. (2023). Emotion dysregulation and couple relationship satisfaction of clinical couples: An actor‐partner interdependence model. Family process, 62(4), 1555-1573. DOI: 10.1111/famp.12828
Yadegari, S. L., Peyvandi, P., Hosseinzadeh, M., Beliad, M., & Mahmoodinia, S. (2025). The Correlation of Negative Meta-Emotion and Divorce Propensity in Women: The Mediating Role of Differentiation of Self. Avicenna Journal of Neuro Psycho Physiology, 12(2), 0-0. [In Persian] http://ajnpp.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-531-en.html
Zahl-Olsen, R., Thuen, F., & Espehaug, B. (2019). Divorce and remarriage in Norway: a prospective cohort study between 1981 and 2013. Journal of Divorce & Remarriage, 60(8), 600-611. DOI: 10.1080/10502556.2019.1619378