Comparison of the Effectiveness of Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy and Mentalization-Based Therapy on Reducing the Feeling of Emotional Loneliness in People with Asthma with Emotional Deprivation Schema

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 PhD student, Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran

2 Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Ilam Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ilam, Iran

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of short-term dynamic psychotherapy and mentalization-based therapy on reducing emotional loneliness in individuals with asthma who have emotional deprivation. This research was conducted in line with two previous studies by the researcher on asthmatic patients. The research method was a quasi-experimental design of an expanded pre-test and post-test with multiple groups. The statistical population included all individuals with asthma who have emotional deprivation schemas. The sample consisted of 45 asthmatic individuals with emotional deprivation, selected purposefully and then randomly assigned to three groups: short-term dynamic psychotherapy, mentalization-based therapy, and a control group. Data were collected using the Emotional Deprivation Schema Questionnaire (Yang, 1991) and the Loneliness Scale (Russell et al., 1980). The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance. Both short-term dynamic psychotherapy and mentalization-based therapy had a significant effect on emotional loneliness in individuals with asthma (F(2, 70) =315.70, p<0.05). Furthermore, the effect of mentalization-based therapy was greater than that of short-term dynamic psychotherapy in reducing emotional loneliness in individuals with asthma (p<0.05). Short-term dynamic psychotherapy and mentalization-based therapy can be utilized to reduce emotional loneliness in individuals with asthma who have emotional deprivation schemas.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ahii, G., Mohammadi Far, M., & Basharat, M. (2007). Reliability and validity of the short form of Young Schema Questionnaire. Psychology and Educational Sciences, 37(3), 5-20. (In Persian).
Jabbarian, N. (2018). The effectiveness of assertiveness training on loneliness and social skills of single-parent students (Master's thesis). Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz Branch. (In Persian).
Heshmati, R. (2016). Prediction of chronic pain based on early maladaptive schemas. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Anesthesia and Pain, 7(1), 49-60. (In Persian).
Davanloo, H. (2011). Short-term psychodynamic therapy (E. Khaleghi Sigaroudi, Trans.). Tehran: Arjmand Publishing.
Eini, S., Norimani, M., Atadokht, A., Basharpour, S., & Sadeghi Movahed, F. (2018). Effectiveness of Mentalization based Therapy and Cognitive -Analytical Therapy on Improved Object Relationship of People with Borderline Personality Disorder: A comparison. Payesh Journal, 17(3), 275–287. (In Persian).
Ghanbari, F., Naziri, Q., & Omidvar, B. (2020). The effectiveness of mentalization‐based therapy on the quality of life of children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychological Methods and Models, 11(40), 151–172. (In Persian).
Mami, S., Safarnia, A., Tardast, L., & Abbasi, B. (2020). Effectiveness of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy to reducing Alexithymia in women applicant for divorce. Psychological Studies, 16(4), 127–142. (In Persian).
Mirdrikvand, F. (1999). An investigation of loneliness in relation to academic performance, anxiety, depression, and self-esteem among male middle school students in Poldokhtar County [Master’s thesis, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University, Ahvaz, Iran].
Yousefi, N., E’temadi, A., & Bahrami, F. (2008). Examination of the psychometric indices of the Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire [Doctoral dissertation, Counseling Department, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Isfahan].
Badoud, D., Rüfenacht, E., Debbané, M., & Perroud, N. (2018). Mentalization-based treatment for adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a pilot study. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 21(3). doi: 10.4081/ripppo.2018.317.
Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2010). Mentalization based treatment for borderline personality disorder. World psychiatry, 9(1), 11.
Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2016). Mentalization-based treatment for personality disorders: A practical guide. OUP Oxford.
Brusselle, G. G., & Koppelman, G. H. (2022). Biologic therapies for severe asthma. New England Journal of Medicine, 386(2), 157-171. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMra2032506.
Bush, A. (2024). Update in paediatric asthma 2024. Pediatric Respirology and Critical Care Medicine, 8(1), 3-10. DOI: 10.4103/prcm.prcm_4_24.
Caldiroli, A., Capuzzi, E., Riva, I., Russo, S., Clerici, M., Roustayan, C., Abbass, A., & Buoli, M. (2020). Efficacy of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy in mood disorders: A critical review. Journal of affective disorders, 273, 375-379. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.002.
Caponnetto, P., Prezzavento, G. C., Casu, M., Polosa, R., & Quattropani, M. C. (2024). Psychological Factors, Digital Health Technologies, and Best Asthma Management as Three Fundamental Components in Modern Care: A Narrative Review. Applied Sciences, 14(8), 3365. DOI: 10.3390/app14083365.
Fiorini, G., Bai, Y., Fonagy, P., Impact Consortium, & Midgley, N. (2024). Short-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy with depressed adolescents: Comparing in-session interactions in good and poor outcome cases. Psychotherapy Research, 34(7), 991-1004. DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2023.2270140.
Hagelquist, J. O., Jensen, C. H., Bloch, M. S., & Rasmussen, H. (2023). A mentalization-based approach to healing children exposed to adverse experiences: Tools for residential care. Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 87(1), 83-103. DOI: 10.1521/bumc.2023.87.1.83.
Hooker, C. I., Verosky, S. C., Germine, L. T., Knight, R. T., & D’Esposito, M. (2008). Mentalizing about emotion and its relationship to empathy. Social cognitive and affective neuroscience, 3(3), 204-217. doi:10.1093/scan/nsn019.
Jain, F. A., & Fonagy, P. (2020). Mentalizing imagery therapy: theory and case series of imagery and mindfulness techniques to understand self and others. Mindfulness, 11(1), 153-165. doi:10.1007/s12671-018-0969-1.
Kluglein, K. A., Lo, D. F., Shamilov, D., & White, C. P. (2024). Community Empowerment and Mentality as a Treatment in Treatment-Resistant Trichotillomania: A Case Report. Cureus, 16(9), e70163. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.70163.
Laurila, M., Lindfors, O., Knekt, P., & Heinonen, E. (2024). The effect of individual short-and long-term psychotherapy on perceived social support: analysis of secondary outcomes of a randomized clinical trial. Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 78(3), 230-237. DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2306229.
Lindegaard, T., Persson, L., Thorängen, M., & Rozental, A. (2024). Therapists’ experiences of negative effects in intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy: A qualitative interview study. Psychotherapy Research, 1-13. DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2024.2420717.
Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2019). Handbook of mentalizing in mental health practice (2nd eddition ed.).
Luyten, P., Malcorps, S., Fonagy, P., & Ensink, K. (2019). Assessment of mentalizing. Handbook of mentalizing in mental health practice, 2, 37-62.
Mahdavi, A., Mosavimoghadam, S. R., Madani, Y., Aghaei, M., & Abedin, M. (2019). Effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on emotional expressiveness and defense mechanisms of women with breast cancer. Archives of Breast Cancer, 35-41. DOI: 10.32768/abc.2019635-41.
Mansour, M. M., Moheb, N., & Sharifi, A. (2010). Comparative study of cognitive schemas of asthmatic patients and normal adults. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1746-1750. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.358.
Nazemiyeh, M., Sharifi, A., Shojaan, H., Mohammadi, M., Abdkarimi, S., & Gojazadeh, M. (2018). Early maladaptive schemas and asthma: disconnection and rejection domains may have an effect on the severity of asthma. Advances in Respiratory Medicine, 86(6), 299-304. DOI:10.5603/ARM.a2018.0048.
Paschali, M., Lazaridou, A., Vilsmark, E. S., Lee, J., Berry, M., Grahl, A., Anzolin, A., Loggia, M., Napadow, V., & Edwards, R. R. (2021). The “self” in pain: high levels of schema-enmeshment worsen fibromyalgia impact. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 22, 1-9. DOI: 10.1186/s12891-021-04740-5.
Peplau, L. A. (2022). In Social Problems and Mental Health (pp. 93-95). Routledge.
Rocco, D., Calvo, V., Agrosì, V., Bergami, F., Busetto, L. M., Marin, S., Pezzetta, G., Rossi, L., Zuccotti, L., & Abbass, A. (2021). Intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy provided by novice psychotherapists: effects on symptomatology and psychological structure in patients with anxiety disorders. Research in Psychotherapy: Psychopathology, Process, and Outcome, 24(1). doi:10.4081/ripppo.2021.503.
Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of personality and social psychology, 39(3), 472.
Stavrou, P.-D. (2019). Outcomes of psychodynamic psychotherapy with incorporated mentlization-focused approaches for children with ADHD and mentalization impairment. EC Psychology and Psychiatry, 8(11), 155-179.
Van Tilburg, T. G. (2021). Social, emotional, and existential loneliness: A test of the multidimensional concept. The Gerontologist, 61(7), e335-e344. doi:10.1093/geront/gnaa082.
Young, J. E., & Brown, G. (1991). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach (rev. ed.) (J. E. E. Young, Ed. 2nd edition ed.). Professional Resource Press.
Journal of Modern Psychological Researches
Volume 20, Issue 77
April 2025
Pages 184-194

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 30 October 2024
  • Revise Date: 25 November 2024
  • Accept Date: 28 November 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics